Today in history: July 12

In 1957, Dwight Eisenhower became the first U.S. president to ride in a helicopter

President Eisenhower in 1956
(Image credit: Bettmann/CORBIS)

July 12, 1862: President Abraham Lincoln signed a law creating the Medal of Honor. It is the highest military decoration awarded by the U.S. government. The Medal of Honor is awarded "to such noncommissioned officers and privates as shall most distinguish themselves by their gallantry in action, and other soldier-like qualities during the present insurrection." In 1863, the Medal of Honor was made a permanent military decoration available to all members, including commissioned officers, of the U.S. military. It is conferred upon those who have distinguished themselves in actual combat at risk of life beyond the call of duty. Since its creation, during the Civil War, almost 3,400 men and one woman have received the Medal of Honor for heroic actions in U.S. military conflicts.

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