Five years on from the killing of George Floyd by a US police officer, a new BBC documentary examines if and how the world has really changed since then. While "Backlash: The Murder of George Floyd" recounts the shocking killing caught on camera, the key aim is to assess the impact of the subsequent Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement on racial inequality, in the US, the UK and beyond.
When did BLM start? BLM was founded in 2013, following the acquittal of George Zimmerman for the fatal shooting of Black teenager Trayvon Martin. Although often described as if it were a single organisation, BLM is decentralised, with no hierarchical structure – a deliberate choice to "create a network" and "support the development of new Black leaders", according to the movement. Its influence peaked during the protests following Floyd's murder, with millions joining the cause and donations to BLM-related causes amounting to billions of dollars.
What were the objectives of the protests? In the US, the focus was police violence against Black people and accountability for law enforcement. In countries where police killings are less frequent, the scope of protests was often broadened to draw attention to wider systemic racism and pervasive inequalities in areas such as healthcare, education, employment and housing. By mid-2020, "up to 26 million Americans are thought to have protested at more than 4,700 demonstrations", said The Telegraph. Hundreds of thousands of people also marched in the UK.
Did it change the UK? Statistics on the lasting impact of the BLM movement "paint a mixed picture", said The Guardian. There is evidence that "racial disparities in policing" have "recently narrowed" in many regards, but Black people are still the ethnic group most likely to experience police violence. Disparities in justice, education and employment remain. And while some inequality statistics have seen improvement, there has been a political and ideological backlash against the movement. Since 2020, the UK has experienced race riots, a widening left-right political divide and growing rejection of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. |