Opinion Brief

ADHD's rapid rise: 5 theories

One in 10 U.S. kids has been diagnosed with ADHD, a significant increase. Are "hypochondriac" parents jumping to conclusions — or are other factors at play?

Almost 10 percent of U.S. kids have been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a survey of parents conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That's a shocking 22 percent jump over 2003 figures — representing an additional 1 million children — and the increase was seen in all races, income levels, and areas of the U.S., with the exception of the West. What's behind the rise? Here are 5 theories:

1. Doctors are doing a better job of diagnosing ADHD
Improvements in screening programs and greater awareness of the disorder among parents and doctors have helped identify more cases, says CDC epidemiologist Susanna Visser, the report's lead author. "We have become much more sensitive to behavioral differences," agrees Dr. Jeffrey Brosco, an ADHD expert at the University of Miami. But that doesn't mean doctors can say "whether kids in the 1970s are really different from kids in the '90s or the 2000s."

2. Demographics
The increases were more significant in certain demographic groups, notes Scott Hensley at NPR. "The biggest jumps were seen in children between 15 and 17 and among Hispanic or multiracial children." The jump in Hispanic ADHD cases likely reflects "greater cultural acceptance of the disorder." Mysteriously, increases were particularly significant in 12 states, says Ray Hainer at CNN. North Carolina, for example saw a 63 percent spike in cases, with 15.6 percent of its kids diagnosed with ADHD.

3. Big Pharma is pushing the cure
Of the 5.4 million kids diagnosed with ADHD, the CDC reports, 2.7 million are taking medication for the condition. You have to question "the role of pharmacological companies in all of this," says University of Kentucky psychiatrist John D. Ranseen. "It is very much in their interest to increase the diagnosis and treatment of this condition." That alone should "give the mental health field pause."

4. Blame our lousy diet
Nobody really knows what causes ADHD, says David Knowles in AOL News, but "one recent study suggested a correlation with a diet high in processed and fried foods." Intriguingly, new research also ties ADHD to obesity in adulthood, says Heather Turgeon in Strollerderby. There's no proof — yet — that one causes the other, but "the two are correlated."

5. The real spike is in "paranoid" parents
"Are kids really that messed up?" asks Tom Henderson in ParentDish. "Or are parents becoming a bunch of second-party psychological hypochondriacs?" Remember, these million extra ADHD cases are "parent-reported diagnoses," and today's parents have been known to be "all too eager to control normal childhood restlessness and general weirdness by bombing kids with Ritalin." Because, after all, "children often have the attention spans of, uh, children."

Recommended

A company made a meatball from lab-grown woolly mammoth, and you can't try it
Mammoth meatball
'extinct protein'

A company made a meatball from lab-grown woolly mammoth, and you can't try it

6 marvelous homes with great kitchens
House
Feature

6 marvelous homes with great kitchens

The Check-In: How to plan a trip to Antarctica
Penguins on an iceberg
Feature

The Check-In: How to plan a trip to Antarctica

The Week contest: Seaweed invasion
sargassum seaweed.
Feature

The Week contest: Seaweed invasion

Most Popular

The snowmelt in California could cause a long-lost lake to re-emerge
flooding in Corcoran, California.
lost lake

The snowmelt in California could cause a long-lost lake to re-emerge

The 8 most bizarre moments of Gwyneth Paltrow's ski crash trial
Gwyneth Paltrow
downhill

The 8 most bizarre moments of Gwyneth Paltrow's ski crash trial

33 swimmers in Hawaii accused of 'pursuing, corralling, and harassing' dolphin pod
A group of swimmers chase after a pod of dolphins.
Leave 'Em Alone!

33 swimmers in Hawaii accused of 'pursuing, corralling, and harassing' dolphin pod