The number of opioid-related deaths between 2011 and 2022 in England and Wales is more than 50% higher than previously thought, according to a new report. The publication of new data from King’s College London has profound implications for both government and social understanding of drug issues. The U.K.’s underestimated opioid problem reflects a “serious drug-related deaths crisis,” said lead author Dr. Caroline Copeland.
Why were these deaths underreported? The U.K.’s Office for National Statistics does not have access to post-mortem reports or toxicology results, so it’s reliant on the information provided by coroners on death certificates. For the ONS to be able to record a drug death from a specific substance, a coroner would have to name it on the death certificate — something that doesn’t often happen, particularly if multiple drugs are present in the body. The researchers were able to access information from coroners’ reports to compile more reliable data.
How many people are killed by opioids in the UK? Opioids are a class of natural or synthetic drugs — some available by prescription and many illegally — that have a morphine-like, painkilling effect on the brain. They include heroin, fentanyl, codeine and oxycodone and were responsible for a total of 39,232 deaths in England and Wales in the 11-year range of the report, compared with just over 25,000 estimated by the ONS.
The National Records of Scotland collates its own official information. It receives “more detailed pathology reports, but differences in how deaths are reported across the U.K. make it difficult to compare,” said the BBC.
What can be done? Governments around the world have been scratching their heads about how to tackle the rapidly evolving opioid problem. Nitazenes, a new and potent type of synthetic opioid, seem to be a leading cause of addiction and one of the “fastest-growing groups of new psychoactive substances” in the world, said The Independent. Because nitazenes are made in labs, they can be altered easily. Producers can make an “entirely new product of similar potency,” which is not always subject to legal bans, said The Economist.
Ultimately, if governing bodies do not take further action and do not keep up to date with new variations or collate accurate statistics, efforts to tackle the opioid crisis could suffer “underfunding,” said the research. The U.K. government is now working alongside coroners to improve the method of reporting deaths. |