Five candidates have secured places in the battle to replace Jeremy Corbyn as Labour leader - but even greater challenges lie ahead.
As the formal election process kicks off following the close of nominations this week, political commentators and experts have been offering advice on how to win the top job.
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Target the unions and constituency parties
Under Labour’s rules, the next hurdle in the race is to get the backing of at least 33 Constituency Labour Parties or three affiliates, two of which must be trade unions, in order to get onto the final ballot that goes out to members.
But that challenge could prove tricky for Phillips and Thornberry, according to The Independent’s John Rentoul. “Phillips could possibly organise 33 local parties to back her, but most of them are dominated by Momentum, currently running a North Korean-style consultation of its members to allow them to agree that Long-Bailey should be leader,” he says.
Katy Balls at The Spectator notes that Thornberry’s last-minute entry into the second round - after hitting the threshold of 22 backers less than ten minutes before nominations closed - “was not universally welcomed by Phillips’ allies”, who fear their candidate will find it harder to win the required support from local parties as a result.
Capitalise on the alternative vote system
The party’s alternative vote (AV) system means that members get a first and second preference in the ballot.
If no candidate wins 50%, the candidate with the fewest first preference votes is eliminated and their votes are reallocated to their backers’ second choice. This process is repeated until one of the candidates hits the 50% threshold and is declared the winner.
HuffPost’s Paul Waugh says the Nandy campaign team are “throwing the kitchen sink at making their candidate the second choice of supporters for all her rivals”.
He explains: “If (and it’s a big ‘if’ at present) she can somehow force her way into second place, Nandy’s allies are confident they can beat Starmer with a mass transfer of Long-Bailey supporters’ second preferences.”
In the 2010 leadership election, David Miliband secured 37.78% of first preference votes, compared with 34.33% for his brother, Ed. But it was Ed Miliband who eventually won, by 1.3%, after second preference votes were taken into account.
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Offer an inspiring alternative
The Guardian’s Owen Jones points to an Opinium poll of people who did not vote Labour in the December election before offering his top tip for success in the leadership race. The survey found that 43% of those who shunned Labour were put off by the party leadership, while only 12% blamed Labour’s economic policies.
Jones believes these figures have informed Starmer’s campaign, which has won admirers among the rank and file by “showcasing his involvement in popular struggles against Thatcherism and legal work on behalf of the oppressed and against the powerful”.
But Jones argues that the Labour membership also wants to see something new.
“All candidates have pressing questions to answer, and they must be addressed to a membership desperate to end Tory rule while offering an unquestioningly inspiring alternative,” he concludes. “A break with the past, yes, but a genuine one – not a return to the discredited compromise of 2015, or irrelevant nostalgia for 1997.”
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