The giant of American music who produced 'Thriller'
The wonder of Quincy Jones, U2's frontman Bono once said, is "that one man could have fit so much music" into a single lifetime. Over an eight-decade career, Jones established a shining reputation as a performer and composer, arranger and producer, collaborating with artists across genres from jazz and bebop to soul, pop and rap. He played with Dizzy Gillespie, arranged music for Count Basie and Frank Sinatra, wrote scores for films including "In the Heat of the Night", "The Italian Job" and "The Color Purple", and collaborated with artists from Ray Charles and Dinah Washington to Snoop Dogg. He produced 1985's "We Are the World", the eighth-bestselling single of all time, which raised tens of millions for famine relief, and Michael Jackson's "Thriller", the bestselling album of all time, and among the most influential. His self-made fortune was estimated at $500 million, but Jones insisted that he'd never done anything with an eye on the money. "Not even 'Thriller'," he said in 2018. "God walks out of the room when you start thinking about money."
Born in Chicago in 1933 to parents who had taken part in the Great Migration, Jones grew up in extreme poverty during the Depression. His mother, who was musical and sang in church, suffered from schizophrenia and was institutionalised when he was seven. After that, he and his brothers became "street rats", he said, running with local gangs; but he had loved listening to his mother play the piano, and had a Damascene moment, aged 11, when he broke into a recreation centre and came upon one. As he played it, he "began to find peace", he recalled. "I knew this was it for me. For ever."
At high school, he learnt to play the drums, the tuba, the French horn and the piano, but focused on the trumpet. He won a place at the Berklee College of Music in Boston, but left to go on tour with a band. In the early 1950s, he played trumpet to accompany Elvis Presley during his first TV appearances. He toured with Dizzy Gillespie, and did arrangements for Duke Ellington and Sarah Vaughan, among others. He studied composition in Paris, performed with various European jazz orchestras and formed his own big band. But it lost money, and in 1961 he took a job as musical director at Mercury Records. He signed various jazz artists, said The New York Times, but pop was becoming the dominant genre, and in 1963 he produced Lesley Gore's US chart-topper "It's My Party".
More hits followed, but by then Jones had started to shift gears. Sidney Lumet had drafted him in to compose the score for "The Pawnbroker" (1964), and on the back of its success he relocated to LA and broke into Hollywood – a rare feat for a Black man in that era. He scored more than 30 films. It was while working on the 1978 film "The Wiz" that he got to know Michael Jackson, said Rolling Stone. Jackson's label was concerned that Jones's sound was "too jazzy"; but the singer insisted that they collaborate, and the result was "one of the most fruitful musical partnerships in history". For the three albums they made together – "Off the Wall", "Thriller" and "Bad" – Jones paired Jackson with "crack musicians and songwriters" and "the most modern musical technology". The result was a series of "stunningly sophisticated, rhythmically explosive hits", such as "Beat It" and "Billie Jean", that made Jackson a superstar.
Jones was married three times and had seven children, whom he was said to adore. His home was a mansion in Bel Air, where he entertained presidents, actors and Nobel laureates, and presided over an entertainment empire, which produced the hit sitcom "The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air" and the hip-hop magazine Vibe. Latterly, he had focused on his charitable foundation for disadvantaged young people, the Listen Up Foundation. He won his 28th Grammy in 2023, for Harry Styles's "Harry's House"; earlier this year he was awarded an honorary Oscar. "The experiences I've had!" he said in 2018. "You almost can't believe it."