Archaeologists have uncovered hundreds of vast earthworks in the Amazon rainforest that they say are evidence of a “lost civilization” that flourished nearly 2,000 years ago, said New Scientist. Researchers believe the geometrically patterned structures, known as geoglyphs, were built by an advanced precolonial society, known as the Aquiry, between 600 B.C. and A.D. 850, without metal tools or animals.
The earthworks are almost impossible to detect under the dense tree canopy of the deep rainforest, but the archaeologists, employing cutting-edge airborne laser scanning technology, found hundreds. They combined the light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data with previous findings to estimate that there might be up to 30,000 structures across the Aquiry territory. The results “strongly suggest” that, at its peak, the civilization may have numbered 1.25 million to 3 million people, the researchers said in a study published in Nature.
University of Helsinki archaeo-anthropologist Martti Parssinen, who theorized that the earthworks had been built by a complex pre-Columbian civilization, “officially introduced the name Aquiry” in 2021, said LiveScience, after the Indigenous name for the Acre River.
While Romans were “laying roads and building temples,” the Aquiry were “carving vast circles, squares and monumental enclosures” on the other side of the world, said The Times of London. They cleared forests for the huge earthworks and extensive roads “without destroying the Amazon,” living in “harmony in that way with the forest,” said Parssinen. “They made clearings but not too big to change the ecological systems. Despite their huge numbers, they never converted the rainforest into savannah.”
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