Pros and cons of smart meters

Smart meters are becoming increasingly popular, making up 31% of all energy meters in the UK last year, according to government figures.

By replacing traditional gas and electricity meters with smart meters, consumers can understand more about the energy they use day-to-day and cut out unnecessary usage and spending as a result. This is more important than ever right now, given the cost-of-living crisis and soaring energy prices.

The government says smart meters are “underpinning” the UK’s “transition to a greener, more reliable energy system” and their roll-out is “delivering more benefits to the country than it is costing”. However, privacy campaigners have raised concerns about potential issues, while questions have been asked about the technology’s effectiveness.

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1. Pro: no meter readings

Few people enjoy receiving an unexpected knock on the door from a meter reader or having to remember to take a regular reading themselves. Having a smart meter “means no more scrabbling around in a cupboard with a torch as you try to see the numbers”, said Compare The Market, as these handy pieces of technology work out your energy usage and relay that information to your supplier automatically.

Having a smart meter means your energy supplier won’t need to pay someone to come out and read your meter, added the site, so “what they save in costs could be passed on to you, the customer”.

2. Con: privacy fears

Privacy campaigners have raised concerns that smart meter information relating to customers’ energy usage could be passed on to third parties without customers’ permission. Although there are laws prohibiting energy companies from sharing this information without express permission, the laws determining how tech companies can use data are more complex.

“Some people have expressed concerns that the meters could be hacked,” said Household Money Saving, which “could allow potential burglars to know when people are in or out due to their energy consumption”.

But it is worth noting that, so far, there have been no known hacking instances involving smart meter data, said This Is Money.

3. Pro: real-time monitoring

The “in-home display” (IHD) unit that comes with a smart meter helps consumers understand how much energy they’re using in real time. This means households can monitor exactly what is being used by a particular appliance, from putting the kettle on to make a cup of tea to running a washing machine cycle.

Having this information helps consumers understand which of their appliances is an energy guzzler and which ones are the most energy efficient. “Even well-informed people and frugal savers may be clueless about what appliances are causing the most damage to their energy bills,” said Loop, the app that monitors energy usage.

Once you learn which appliances are costing you the most, “you’re likely to be able to prioritise your energy use and cut back on the biggest power-drainers”.

4. Con: obsessive checking

The flip side of the IHD Unit is that some users find that they obsessively check the monitor to see how much energy their household is using at any given time. “I used to just pay monthly, but now I’m constantly looking at it,” Susan, 71, told the Express.

This sort of incessant monitoring can lead to family arguments, with tension every time someone boils a kettle or blow-dries their hair. My husband has “transformed into a smart meter Scrooge”, wrote Anna May Mangan in the Daily Mail. “The children think their dad is suffering from some form of middle-aged mania. They can’t believe their funny, relaxed father has become such an energy extremist – and they pity me for having to live with it.”

5. Pro: no estimated bills

With old-fashioned meters, if you forget to submit a reading, your energy supplier will estimate your use based on past bills. These estimates can be infamously inaccurate, reported the green technologies website The Switch, and can lead to an unexpectedly high bill when your tariff comes to an end.

By way of contrast, a smart meter will send an accurate reading of your exact energy use to the energy supplier on a half-hourly, daily or monthly basis. This means you will only be charged for what you actually use and you can budget with more assurance.

6. Con: issues when switching suppliers

There are currently two types of smart meters on the market: SMETS1 and SMETS2. If you have a first-generation SMETS1 smart meter installed, it could lose its functionality when you switch suppliers, meaning you have to go back to manually reading your meter as this will no longer be done automatically.

But, explained the consumers’ rights publication Which?, “second-generation smart meters should not lose their smart functions when you switch because they’re connected to the central wireless network which all energy suppliers should be able to use”.