It is “the most sought-after weapon in the world”, said CNN. But the US-made Patriot interceptor, capable of shooting down ballistic missiles, is “the focus of a global supply crunch” caused by “liberal use in the Gulf”, often just to counter Iranian drone attacks. In Ukraine, supplies have “pretty much run out”.
Ballistic-missile intercepts by Ukraine “have gone from more than 70% to none”, said The Guardian. Russia now strikes “with impunity”.
What makes Patriot so special? Patriot, or the Phased Array Tracking Radar for Intercept on Target, is “one of the most advanced” mobile surface-to-air missile defence systems in the world, said The Independent. Combined with other defences, Patriot has intercepted more than 90% of Iran’s missiles and drones, according to the US Congressional Research Service. It is also “the only weapon capable of shooting down Russian ballistic missiles fired at Ukraine”, said the Financial Times.
Nineteen other countries buy and operate the system. The US “tightly guards the technical blueprints required to manufacture it”, said The Telegraph. So far, only Germany and Japan are licensed to make their own, although Volodymyr Zelenskyy is “desperate” to secure permission for Ukraine to do so.
What does it mean for global security? Almost all of the countries that operate the Patriot system are “reliant on US production and supply chains, meaning any shortage in the US effectively becomes a global shortage”, said The Telegraph. And with Russia, Iran, China and North Korea all “ramping up production” of ballistic missiles, “the defence side is falling behind”.
The US, Germany and Japan are able to produce about 840 Patriot interceptors a year. But it can often take two to three interceptors – or more – to defeat an incoming missile.
Some analysts view continuing US strikes on Iran as evidence that “stockpile concerns are overblown”, said the Foreign Policy Research Institute. “That is the wrong inference.” The “strategic constraint” is the number of interceptors that “hold enemy launchers” at bay and “keep bases alive”. Bombs “let you keep fighting the war you are in”; interceptors decide if you can “afford to fight the next one”.
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