Today in history: The birth of the federal income tax

In 1861, President Lincoln signed a new law to help pay for the Civil War

President Lincoln visiting soldiers encamped at the Civil War battlefield of Antietam in Maryland in 1862.
(Image credit: Rischgitz/Getty Images)

April 15, 1861: Following the Confederate shelling of Ft. Sumter, S.C., President Abraham Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to join the Union Army. 92,000 did, and the Civil War — the most devastating war in American history — was on. Lincoln quickly adapted to the role of commander-in-chief, assuming vast powers, many of which weren't granted to him by the Constitution. Supreme Court rulings declared Lincoln's wartime conduct unconstitutional. He ignored them, saying his priority was to preserve the Union.

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