Russia is bolstering its armed forces with thousands of foreign fighters "lured by the promise of hefty paychecks and fast-tracked citizenship for themselves and their kin", said Politico.
In Cuba, Russia's old Cold War ally, a repressive regime, economic crisis and nationwide blackouts make the promise of a Russian passport "a major draw". But the document "comes with a noose attached": Moscow is "trapping foreigners" on the frontline.
What is Russia offering? President Vladimir Putin signed a decree last year allowing foreigners to obtain citizenship in return for a year's service in the Russian army. A Russian passport allows visa-free travel to 117 destinations (compared with just 61 for a Cuban one), and some Cubans hoped enlisting would "buy them a new life", said Politico.
Others claim they were "hoodwinked into travelling to Russia", after responding to posts on social media for "what they thought would be low-skilled, civilian jobs". Darío Jarrosay (pictured above), a 35-year-old teacher and musician, said he responded to a Facebook appeal for construction workers. "I never agreed to enter the war," Jarrosay, who was captured by Ukrainian forces last year, told reporters in Kyiv.
What is happening to Cuban fighters in Ukraine? Recruits have allegedly suffered beatings, abuse and unpaid wages in the Russian army, as well as the withholding of passports. "They have not given us documents," a Cuban mercenary said in a viral video. "They keep scamming us, they keep deceiving us, we keep dying and no one does anything."
For many, Russian citizenship also turned out to be a poisoned chalice. As "newly minted Russians", Cuban recruits – even if they only signed up for a one-year stint in the army – are "no exception" to Russia's mass mobilisation, said Politico. "Now they're telling us that, since we're Russian citizens, we have to continue fighting until the end of the war," said one recruit.
What is Cuba's position? Cuba forbids its citizens to fight abroad for personal benefit – with the threat of hefty jail sentences or even capital punishment. But Havana has sent "contradictory signals" over citizens' involvement in Ukraine, said Bloomberg.
For Cubans fighting on the other side of the world, said CNN, "their choices now seem to be exile in a war zone, or prosecution and a lengthy jail sentence back home".
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