French screen legend who renounced stardom at 39
“In the 1950s, before the sexual revolution, before the New Wave, before feminism, there was Bardot,” said Peter Bradshaw in The Guardian. With her tousled blonde hair, kohl-rimmed eyes and famous pout, Brigitte Bardot represented to postwar audiences sex, youth, freedom and, above all, modernity. Effectively the “French Beatles”, Bardot – or BB (pronounced bébé in French) – was a provocative, shameless screen siren who mesmerised the French public, and made male moviegoers in that still “puritan land” of America “gulp and goggle with desire”.
At the peak of her career, Bardot was regarded as “a national treasure in France”, said the Los Angeles Times. She was received at the Élysée Palace by Charles de Gaulle, used as the model for Marianne, the symbol of the Republic, and “analysed exhaustively” by Simone de Beauvoir. Few of her films stood the test of time, but her attitude and style had a lasting influence. Yet she herself struggled with the Bardotmania. More fragile than her image might suggest, said The Telegraph, she found the life of a film star suffocating; and detested its luxurious trappings. Aged 39, she retired from movie making, and retreated to her ramshackle home outside Saint-Tropez, the fishing village that she had made famous. Declaring that men were a waste of time, and that she didn’t give “a fig for society”, she spent the next decades surrounded by dozens of dogs, cats, goats and other animals. For years, she emerged mainly to speak out against animal cruelty; more recently, however, she had become known for making incendiary comments about the Muslim immigrants who had “invaded” her country. She was fined several times for inciting racial hatred.
Brigitte Bardot was born in Paris in 1934, and brought up in the 15th arrondissement. Her father was a wealthy industrialist; she described both her parents as cold and distant. She was sent, with her sister, to an exclusive private school, and to a ballet school. In her teens, said The Telegraph, she started to rebel against the strictures of her upbringing. Aged 15, she was spotted modelling in the window of a shop her mother had opened, and was featured on the cover of Elle. Roger Vadim, then working as an assistant to the filmmaker Marc Allégret, was sent to find her – and promptly fell in love with her. Bardot was equally smitten by the aspiring film director, and when her parents refused to allow them to marry, she made the first of many suicide attempts. The pair finally tied the knot in 1952, when she was 18; in that year, she made her screen debut in a film called “Crazy for Love”.
With Vadim acting as her mentor, she made a splash at Cannes in 1954, and in 1955, she travelled to the UK to appear opposite Dirk Bogarde in the comedy “Doctor at Sea”. Vadim was determined to exploit her seductive appeal, and hit gold with “And God Created Woman”, said The Times, a film “short on plot and long on nudity”, in which she played an 18-year-old in Saint-Tropez “who is consumed by sexual longing”. In the US, the Christian Right denounced its star as a “she-devil”, ensuring its box-office success. Her reputation for wantonness was cemented when she began an affair with Jean-Louis Trintignant, her married co-star, which led to her divorce from Vadim. In 1959, she married the actor Jacques Charrier, and became pregnant. She was not, she said, meant to be a mother, and tried to have an abortion. She said she felt nothing for her son, Nicolas, and when she and Charrier divorced in 1962, she gave him custody. (She and Nicolas had no contact for years, but were reconciled when he had children.) It was in this period that she starred in “La Vérité”, one of the few films in which she was called upon to act seriously. Mostly, she said, directors just wanted her to undress. In 1963, she starred in Jean-Luc Godard’s “Le Mépris”. For its opening scene, he shot her naked sprawled across a bed.
Her third husband, the millionaire playboy Gunter Sachs, wooed her by dropping 1,200 roses over her house from his helicopter; during that short-lived marriage, she had an affair with Serge Gainsbourg, with whom she sang the first recorded version of his song “Je t’aime… moi non plus”. She refused to allow it to be released, however.
Increasingly depressed by the pressure of the industry, and the turbulence in her personal life, she retired in 1973. “I gave my beauty and my youth to men. I am going to give my wisdom and experience to animals,” she declared. However, in 1992, she married for a fourth time, to one of Jean-Marie Le Pen’s advisers, a businessman named Bernard d’Ormale. They remained together until her death aged 91. Latterly, she had made headlines by decrying the #MeToo movement as a “puritanical witch-hunt”, and defending Gérard Depardieu. “With me, life is made up only of the best and the worst, of love and hate,” she told The Guardian in 1996. “Everything that happened to me was excessive.”