Babesiosis, a rare tick-borne illness, is spreading in new parts of the U.S. through blacklegged or deer tick bites, according to an article published in the Journal of Medical Entomology. The disease has been "historically concentrated in the Northeast and Upper Midwest," but "is now expanding in the Mid-Atlantic region," said a press release. This includes rising cases in Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island and Wisconsin, but the hotspot is Maryland, Virginia and Delaware.
So far, "there are not many cases," Ellen Stromdahl, a retired tick researcher from the Defense Centers for Public Health and the lead author of the article, told The Baltimore Banner. "We think it's the tip of the iceberg and we want to give an early warning." The number of cases is likely to be underrepresented as well, because medical experts may not know to even test for it.
One-quarter of babesiosis cases are asymptomatic. However, "people who do develop symptoms, especially older adults and immunocompromised people, can get quite sick," said Grist. "Untreated, the parasites, which infect and destroy red blood cells, can lead to organ failure and death." Many of the ticks spreading babesiosis also carry Lyme disease. "The Lyme-babesiosis connection is an active area of research," said Grist.
A major factor in the geographic spread of babesiosis is climate change. "Climatic conditions in the southern mid-Atlantic have always been welcoming for ticks," said Grist. "But warmer-than-average winters that have been occurring with grim regularity in recent years are turning some states in the region into year-round breeding sites." |