Holidaymakers should "be careful around animals" when visiting rabies-affected countries, said the UK Health Security Agency, after a woman from Yorkshire died from the disease after being scratched by an infected puppy in Morocco.
Yvonne Ford had been on holiday to the North African country in February but only became ill two weeks ago. She "didn't think much" of the scratch from the young stray dog at the time, her daughter Robyn Thompson said in a Facebook post. But once she fell ill, she deteriorated rapidly, "losing her ability to walk, talk, sleep and swallow".
Is there a risk to the public? There is "no risk" to Ford's family and friends or to the wider public, as there is no evidence of rabies being transmitted from human to human, said the UKHSA. The UK itself is considered "rabies-free", with just six cases between 2000 and 2024, all linked to exposure abroad.
What is rabies? Rabies is a rare but serious infection, spread by mammals such as dogs, cats, bats, raccoons, monkeys and foxes. It can be transmitted to humans through the saliva of an infected animal, usually in a bite or scratch but also from a lick to the eye, nose or mouth or an open wound.
Signs of infection include numbness or tingling around the area that's been bitten or scratched, muscle aches, headaches, nausea and fever. As the infection progresses to the central nervous system, symptoms can include muscle spasms that make it difficult to swallow, excessive saliva, double vision, seizures, and extreme irritability. In some cases, patients develop hydrophobia (fear of water), aerophobia (fear of fresh air), hallucinations and paralysis.
Is rabies always fatal? By the time symptoms appear, rabies is almost always fatal. But quick treatment after being bitten or scratched by an animal with rabies can be very effective at preventing infection. And there are precautionary vaccinations you can have before you travel.
In 2004, US teenager Jeanna Giese "made history" as the first person to survive rabies without a vaccination, said the Daily Mail. Doctors placed her in a coma to give her immune system time to fight the virus, in what has become known as the Milwaukee protocol. She eventually made a near-full recovery, though the protocol has had mixed results since.
What should you do if you're bitten or scratched? Wash the wound immediately with plenty of water, disinfect it with alcohol or a strong antiseptic, and urgently seek medical help and the post-exposure treatment.
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