Syria is home to the largest population of Islamic State group prisoners in the world. But its fledgling government is struggling to contain the tens of thousands of militants and their relatives.
The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), a Kurdish-dominated militia that runs many of the prisons in northeast Syria, had to abandon the notoriously volatile al-Hol camp last week. Syrian government forces moved in to secure the camp a day later, but dozens of prisoners had already escaped. And the SDF also lost control of the al-Shaddadi camp, from which about 120 prisoners escaped.
‘Unresolved security dilemma’ The Islamic State group’s members and families have been held in more than two-dozen camps and detention facilities in Syria since 2019, when a U.S.-backed coalition of mostly SDF-led forces seized back the last of the territory the group had captured. Most in the camps haven’t been charged, and many foreign-born detainees have been stripped of their citizenship.
U.S. military commanders and analysts have “warned that the detainee population is an unresolved security dilemma” that threatens the stability of post-Assad Syria, said The Wall Street Journal. The Islamic State group has been targeting the camps with “propaganda and messages to stir unrest,” and it has active “sleeper cells” inside them. Routine searches have found weapons. And yet SDF guards are often “pulled away” from their duties to “deal with instability elsewhere.”
In 2022, the Islamic State group’s militants detonated a truck carrying explosives at the gate of the al-Sina’a prison, leading to a “weeklong battle” against U.S. and Kurdish forces. More than 500 died, and during the “chaos,” hundreds escaped. But little has been done to increase security at detention sites since.
Prison control issue A dispute between the SDF and the Syrian government is exacerbating the situation. After “weeks of deadly clashes,” the SDF agreed to merge fully into the Syrian military and “hand over control of security infrastructure,” including the prison camps, to the government, said The New York Times.
The ensuing chaos around the al-Hol and al-Shaddadi camps merely “underscored the fragility” of that deal. The government is accusing the SDF of releasing the Islamic State group’s detainees and “exploiting the security threat” for “political gains.” The U.S. said it was moving to relocate the detained fighters to a “secure location” in Iraq, said NPR, but the “fate of the tens of thousands” of their family members “remained unclear.” |