Mosquito excrement has “recently emerged as a promising alternative substrate for pathogen detection,” said a study published in the journal Microbiology Spectrum. It can “provide a critical warning before human cases begin, allowing health officials to act quickly.”
To collect mosquito excretions, scientists built a “mosquito toilet,” a “3D-printed funnel” that allows “liquid to bead up and slide into a collection tube,” Rutgers University said in a news release on the study. Researchers then sequenced the genetic material and “recovered a complete West Nile virus genome, found the first known evidence of a Hedwig-like virus in the Americas and detected several viruses that may be new to science.” The mosquito waste also contained trypanosomatids, or “single-celled parasites associated with insects and other hosts,” said Earth.com.
Traditional mosquito surveillance “requires collecting large numbers of insects, sorting them by species and testing for specific pathogens,” said Lab Compare. This slow process can “delay information during an outbreak and only detects what researchers already know to look for.”
The new study involved only 100 mosquitoes collected from one location in New Jersey, so the “results cannot show how common these viruses are across New Jersey or elsewhere in North America,” said Earth.com. The mosquitoes were also “moved into the collection device in a laboratory” rather than tested at the collection point.
Researchers are now “working toward a field-ready trap that would collect mosquitoes and their waste,” Rutgers said. Eventually, there may be a “system that could prepare samples, sequence genetic material, analyze the results remotely and alert scientists to a possible threat in real time.”
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