On a “peninsula where the Sahara meets the Atlantic,” the city of Dakhla is advertised to visitors as “Morocco’s hidden gem,” said the BBC. But tourists flying to this part of Western Sahara might not know they will be “landing in one of the world’s longest ongoing territorial disputes.”
A former Spanish colony, Western Sahara was annexed by Morocco in 1975. Since then, it has been the subject of a dispute between Morocco and the indigenous Sahrawi people, led by the Polisario Front. The U.N. now classifies the region as a “non-self-governing territory,” and Morocco occupies and administers about 80% of it. Numerous U.N.-brokered talks to resolve Western Sahara’s future have failed.
Morocco has been pouring considerable resources into Western Sahara. Since 2015, it has spent $9.5 billion trying to “level it up,” said The Spectator. There are now water desalination plants, 620 miles of motorways, and plans for eight “green hydrogen plants” and a “centrepiece” $1.4 billion Dakhla Atlantic Port.
But Morocco’s annexation has created “one of the world’s most enduring yet overlooked refugee crises,” said Metro. For the past 50 years, the Sahrawi people have been “forced to live under occupation or go into exile,” mostly in the Algerian desert.
In recent years, the international consensus has shifted and consolidated in favor of Morocco’s “autonomy plan” for Western Sahara. Spain has endorsed the framework, and France and the U.S. have recognized Morocco’s sovereignty over the region. In October, the U.N. Security Council approved a resolution that gave the “strongest backing yet” to Moroccan control, while “making no mention of the independence referendum” sought by the Polisario Front, said Bloomberg.
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