The Justice Department said in a court filing Thursday night that holding people in jail purely because they are too poor to pay a fixed bail fee is a violation of their constitutional rights. This is the first time the DOJ has made this argument in a federal appeals court.
"Although the imposition of bail ... may result in a person's incarceration, the deprivation of liberty in such circumstances is not based solely on inability to pay," the amicus curiae brief said. "But fixed bail schedules that allow for the pretrial release of only those who can pay, without accounting for ability to pay and alternative methods of assuring future appearance, do not provide for such individualized determinations, and therefore unlawfully discriminate based on indigence."
The DOJ's reasoning particularly targets pretrial detentions of those arrested for low-level, nonviolent offenses — people whose release would pose no threat to society at large. This distinguishes between people held on bail because they're dangerous and those held only because they're poor.
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The brief was filed in the case of Maurice Walker of Calhoun, Georgia, who was arrested for walking while drunk and held for six days in jail before trial. He could not pay $160 bail because he lives on a monthly Social Security disability stipend of $530.
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