Gray whales along the West Coast of the United States’ are undergoing a “catastrophic mortality event”, according to the non-profit group Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility (PEER). Close to 150 carcasses have been found on beaches along the Pacific Ocean this year, with the deaths attributed to “multiple threats, including ship strikes and reduced food sources”.
Between last year and this year an estimated 2,500 to 8,000 whales have died, further reducing a population that had already fallen from 20,500 to 14,526 between 2019 and 2023. The true picture may be even worse, as “marine biologists can only count the whales that are stranded”, said The Guardian. The ones that “wash ashore are only maybe 10% of the whales that are dying”, Rick Steiner, chair of PEER’s board of directors, told Alaskan news station KTOO.
The West Coast’s whale population travels approximately 10,000 miles (16,000 kilometres) between Baja California, Mexico and its feeding grounds in the Arctic, where the mammals “feed on crustaceans called amphipods”, according to the Smithsonian Magazine. But climate change is reducing the amphipod population, forcing whales into dangerously congested places like San Francisco Bay “where they are being fatally struck by ships or becoming entangled in fishing gear”. Other threats include oil spills, algal blooms and microplastic pollution.
Gray whales were removed from the US Endangered Species Act’s protection list in 1994, but it may be necessary to relist them to “give these guys the best chance of making it through this climate bottleneck”, said Steiner. “The loss of thousands of whales in just two years should be of concern to us all.”
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