Scientists studying a distant region of the solar system near Pluto have discovered the unexpected: a very small celestial body with its own atmosphere. It was previously believed that such tiny objects located that far from the sun were incapable of having their own atmospheres, and the new finding could unlock insights into planets millions of miles away.
The 310-mile-wide world, officially designated 2002 XV93, is classified as a trans-Neptunian object (TNO) because it resides farther from the sun than the outermost planet, Neptune. Its characteristics were described by Japanese astronomers in a study published in the journal Nature Astronomy.
Though the icy body was identified many years ago, only now has it been observed to be “swaddled in a layer of air,” said The New York Times. This atmosphere appears to be “roughly 5 million to 10 million times thinner than Earth’s robust atmosphere and about 50 to 100 times thinner than Pluto's tenuous atmosphere,” said Reuters.
At the edge of the solar system, any air that does “not float away would be expected to turn into ice and fall to the surface,” said the Times. So the discovery of this mini TNO’s atmosphere some 3.5 billion miles from the sun suggests that “some small icy bodies in the outer solar system may not be completely inactive or unchanging,” said lead study researcher Ko Arimatsu, the head of Japan’s National Astronomical Observatory. The finding indicates that “even in a distant, cold world, there are dynamisms we haven’t imagined,” said study co-author Junichi Watanabe, the director of Japan’s Koyama Space Science Institute.
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