The US has bought the global stock of the key coronavirus drug remdesivir, leaving none for the UK, Europe or most of the rest of the world.
Remdesivir is the first drug approved by licensing authorities in the US to treat Covid-19, and one of just two drugs worldwide proven to combat the virus.
The Trump administration has bought more than 500,000 doses, which is all of the production of remdesivir for July and 90% of August and September, reports The Guardian.
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“President Trump has struck an amazing deal to ensure Americans have access to the first authorised therapeutic for Covid-19,” said the US health and human services secretary, Alex Azar.
“To the extent possible, we want to ensure that any American patient who needs remdesivir can get it. The Trump administration is doing everything in our power to learn more about life-saving therapeutics for Covid-19.”
The drug is under patent to Gilead, which means no other company countries can make it - and that means the US has a monopoly on the treatment.
“They’ve got access to most of the drug supply [of remdesivir], so there’s nothing for Europe,” said Dr Andrew Hill, senior visiting research fellow at Liverpool University.
How does it work?
US officials say there is “clear-cut” evidence that remdesivir can cut the duration of symptoms, after clinical trials in hospitals around the world found it reduced it from 15 days down to 11.
Analysts say the drug could “have the potential to save lives, ease pressure on hospitals and allow parts of lockdown to be lifted” and the New York Times says US Food and Drug Administration already has plans to announce an emergency-use authorisation for remdesivir.
The drug is an antiviral and works by attacking an enzyme that a virus needs in order to replicate inside human cells. It was originally developed as a treatment for Ebola.
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Dr Anthony Fauci who runs the NIAID said: “The data shows remdesivir has a clear-cut, significant, positive effect in diminishing the time to recovery.”
He claimed the results prove “a drug can block this virus” and were “opening the door to the fact that we now have the capability of treating” patients.
However, Professor Babak Javid, a consultant in infectious diseases at Cambridge University Hospitals, said remdesivir “is not a magic bullet”.
Professor Mahesh Parmar, who has run the trial in Europe, also urged caution. He said: “Before this drug can be made more widely available, a number of things need to happen: the data and results need to be reviewed by the regulators to assess whether the drug can be licensed and then they need assessment by the relevant health authorities in various countries.
“While this is happening we will obtain more and longer term data from this trial, and other ones, on whether the drug also prevents deaths from Covid-19.”
Dr Maria Van Kerkhove, the World Health Organisation’s technical lead for the coronavirus response, told CNN: “Typically, you don't have one study that will come out that will be a game changer.”
A report in the Lancet says a trial of the same drug in China found it was ineffective. However, the China trial was incomplete because the success of lockdown in Wuhan meant doctors ran out of patients.
The BBC says there are several unanswered questions over the drug: “Is it allowing people who would have recovered anyway to do so more quickly? Or is it preventing people from needing treatment in intensive care?Did the drug work better in younger or older people? Or those with or without other diseases? Do patients have to be treated early when the virus is thought to peak in the body?”
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