Pork shoulder is no secret, especially to barbecue fanatics — so let's talk about why you should cook it at home. Pork shoulder comes, obviously, from the pig's shoulder muscles. This area of the animal works hard, which means the muscles get a lot of blood flow, and are therefore packed with flavor. However, this also means that, if not cooked properly, pork shoulder can be relatively tough — it's a cut that benefits from a low, slow cook. So you can throw it on the grill or in the oven, forget about it for hours, then pull it out and wow all of your guests.
Pork shoulder is generally separated into two primal cuts: the picnic and the butt (also known as Boston butt). The latter's name derives from the method of packing and shipping pork in pre-revolutionary New England, where lesser-prized cuts like the shoulder were packed into barrels called "butts." The name stuck and now we're all confused, but at least we don't have to get our meat in barrels anymore! Cooks generally prefer the butt to the picnic, as it's slightly meatier and more tender. In my opinion, both work beautifully for slow-cooking — try them out and see what you think.
More: You know what else benefits from a slow cook? Tomatoes.
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When buying your pork shoulder in the market, see if you can get a cut that still has the skin and the bone attached. These, along with the thick layer of fat under the skin, help to keep the meat moist through long hours of cooking — and add extra flavor to boot. If you buy fresh, well-raised pork, you'll only need to add a few ingredients to it before popping it in the oven or on the grill. I generally rub mine with a simple mixture of sugar and salt, let it hang out for a few days in the fridge, and then add on some black pepper before roasting. If you're looking for that quintessential messy, dripping pulled pork, toss yours with homemade barbecue sauce once it's pulled.
Here's how to make tender pulled pork in your oven:
Using a sharp knife, cut the skin on your pork shoulder into a crosshatch pattern, leaving about an inch of space between the cuts. Be sure to slice through the layer of fat below the skin, but not into the meat itself. Whisk some sugar and salt together and rub the mixture all over the pork shoulder. Allow the meat to sit in the refrigerator, uncovered, for at least 24 hours, and up to 72. Before cooking, rub black pepper all over the pork shoulder and allow it to sit out at room temperature for one hour.
More: Once you try this pork, you're going to want to dry brine everything in sight — here's how.
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Cook the pork shoulder in a 275° F oven, or on the grill over indirect heat, until the internal temperature reaches 180° F to 190° F — about 6 hours. The meat should be very tender and easily pull away from the bone. Once the shoulder is cooked, crank up the heat on your oven to 500° F and cook the pork for about 15 minutes, until the skin is golden and crispy. Remove the pork shoulder and let it rest for 20 minutes, then shred the meat from the bone with two forks. If you're feeling indulgent, remove the crackly skin, chop it roughly, and mix it with your pulled pork. Season the meat to taste, then pile it high on soft, sweet bread. Barbecue sauce and coleslaw are optional, but encouraged.
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