A human foot found on Mount Everest is renewing the peak's biggest mystery

More than 340 people have died trying to climb Mount Everest, according to Nepalese officials, so finding human remains on the mountain is not exactly uncommon. However, the discovery of a frozen human foot in early October has brought a partial end to a century-long search — and reignited one of the greatest mountaineering mysteries of all time.

National Geographic reported on Oct. 11 that Everest explorers had found the suspected foot of Andrew "Sandy" Irvine, who disappeared on the mountain alongside his climbing partner, George Mallory, during an expedition in 1924. Mallory's body was found in 1999, but no remains of Irvine had ever been located, until now. The likely discovery of Irvine's foot has people debating one of mountaineering's longstanding questions: Were Irvine and Mallory the first people to ever summit the world's tallest mountain, nearly 30 years before the first confirmed ascent?

What is the crux of this Mount Everest mystery?

It is "not known whether the pair ever reached the summit — an important Everest mystery among climbers and historians alike," said NBC News. This is because any proof that Irvine and Mallory indeed summited Mount Everest in 1924 would change the course of mountaineering history; it would mean the pair conquered the mountain 29 years before New Zealand's Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay made the first confirmed summit in 1953.

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The discovery of Mallory's body in 1999 did not provide conclusive evidence that the pair reached the top of Everest, but "historians suspect that a Kodak camera they were carrying may have photographic evidence of a successful summit," said The Washington Post. The discovery of Irvine's foot does not "answer the question of whether Irvine and Mallory made it to the top," Irvine's great-niece Julie Summers said to the Post. But it "should reduce the difficulty of trying to find that Kodak camera," though doing so "remains immensely difficult."

Can this mystery be solved?

DNA testing will be done to ensure that the frozen foot belonged to Irvine. The discovery of the foot "provides an important piece to the longstanding puzzle of what could have possibly happened to the pair and just how close to the mountaintop they reached," said NPR. And filmmaker Jimmy Chin, whose team discovered the remains, is "confident that more artifacts and maybe even the camera are nearby," he said to National Geographic. While nothing is guaranteed, it "certainly reduces the search area."

But even with this newfound information — and hope that the lost camera could contain a picture of Irvine and Mallory at the summit — Irvine's family "has always maintained the mystery, and the story of how far they got and how brave they were, was really what it was about," Summers said to the BBC. And the finding of Irvine's foot "could also raise some new questions: Did he fall off the mountain? How did he become dismembered? Was it before or after his death?"

Beyond Irvine's family, there was another individual who wanted to know the answer to the mystery: the first confirmed man to summit Everest, Edmund Hillary. "I haven't the faintest idea," Hillary said in an early 2000s interview when asked if he thought Irvine and Mallory summited first. It's "one thing to get to the top of a mountain, but it's not really a complete job until you get safely back down to the bottom. I have been the hero of Mount Everest. I'm regarded as such, I've talked as such. So I couldn't really complain too much if, after all this time, I had not been first on top."