A Chinese scientist claims to have created the world’s first genetically altered babies, in a potentially groundbreaking first that has drawn widespread condemnation from the medical community.
He Jiankui of Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, says he altered embryos for seven couples during fertility treatments, with one successful pregnancy resulting in twin girls that the scientist claims are naturally resistant to HIV.
The Guardian says “if true, it would be a profound leap of science and ethics”. This kind of gene editing is banned in most countries over fears the technology is not far enough developed and DNA changes can pass to future generations with unintended long-term consequences.
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The birth of the first genetically tailored humans “would be a stunning medical achievement, for both He and China” says the MIT Technology Review which first broke the story. “But it will prove controversial, too. Where some see a new form of medicine that eliminates genetic disease, others see a slippery slope to enhancements, designer babies, and a new form of eugenics.”
Polls in the US and China have consistently shown a majority of citizens support gene editing but many mainstream scientists think it is still ethically suspect and too unsafe to try, and some have denounced the experiment as “monstrous” human experimentation, reports The Independent.
Dr Kiran Musunuru, a University of Pennsylvania gene editing expert and editor of a genetics journal, described the claim as “unconscionable... an experiment on human beings that is not morally or ethically defensible”.
“This is far too premature,” Dr Eric Topol, who heads the Scripps Research Translational Institute in California, told the Daily Telegraph. “We're dealing with the operating instructions of a human being. It's a big deal.”
There are also questions about He’s professional practice. There is no independent confirmation of his claim, and it has not been published in a journal, where it would be vetted by other experts. It is unclear whether he properly explained the purpose and potential risks to participants in the trial.
However, speaking exclusively to the Associated Press ahead of an international conference on gene editing that gets underway in Hong Kong today, He defended his work.
“I feel a strong responsibility that it’s not just to make a first, but also make it an example. Society will decide what to do next” in terms of allowing or forbidding such science.
Whatever the ultimate conclusions, some have argued He’s experiments should serve as a warning of what is to come.
“It was inevitable that someone trying to reach the limelight would likely try this. However it is often better to be safe than to be first,” said Professor Peter Braude, a reproductive health specialist at King’s College London.
