Norman Tebbit: fearsome politician who served as Thatcher's enforcer

Former Conservative Party chair has died aged 94

Norman Tebbit, Conservative Party Chairman, with Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher campaigning on the eve of the UK general election, 10 June 1987
Norman Tebbit, with Margaret Thatcher campaigning on the eve of the UK general election, 10 June 1987
(Image credit: Georges De Keerle / Getty Images)

One of the defining politicians of his age, Norman Tebbit, who has died aged 94, was among Margaret Thatcher's most steadfast supporters and acted as her cabinet enforcer.

A self-made man who had grown up in a working-class suburb of north London, he helped draw millions of former Labour voters to the Thatcherite cause by championing the virtues of hard work, self-reliance and enterprise, while railing against everything from European federalism and unionism to the permissive society, said The Times.

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Courageous and quick-witted, Tebbit was almost as combative with the Tory "wets" as he was with the Left – and he could be fearsome with both. In the Commons, he once shouted "You'll have another heart attack!" to a Labour MP with heart disease, said The Guardian. He suggested that Prince Charles's reported sympathy for the unemployed might be down to the fact that he had no job. His Spitting Image puppet depicted him as a bovver boy in a leather jacket. The Labour leader Michael Foot referred to him as a "semi-housetrained polecat"; and he was nicknamed the "Chingford Skinhead". Yet when they met him, said The Daily Telegraph, people were often surprised to find him amiable, softly spoken and compassionate.

Even Tebbit's opponents conceded that he was a "minister of substance", and he seemed destined for high office – until 1984, when he was almost killed in the IRA's bombing of the Grand Hotel in Brighton, during the Tory conference. He and his wife Margaret were asleep in bed at the time. As the building caved in, they fell four storeys and were buried under rubble: seriously injured, they lay there, holding hands, for four hours. Tebbit was pictured being carried away on a stretcher in his pyjamas, covered in dust. Asked by medics if he was allergic to anything, he quipped, "Only bombs." He spent three months in hospital and was left in daily pain. Margaret was in hospital for nearly two years. Paralysed from the chest down, she never walked again. Tebbit returned to work, but after the 1987 election he left government so that he could devote more time to "my Margaret".

As party chairman from 1985, he threw himself into Thatcher's 1987 election campaign. But her popularity was by then waning, and he and Michael Heseltine were being mentioned as possible successors. He insisted that his loyalty was total, and she won the election; but relations were strained. Possibly, he told Thatcher's biographer Charles Moore, she found his presence uncomfortable – a reminder of the fact that an IRA bomb intended to kill her had destroyed many other lives.

Retiring to the backbenches enabled him to take several directorships to fund his wife's care. In 1992, he was elevated to the House of Lords (he included a polecat in his coat of arms). He wrote his memoirs, as well as a cookbook, while continuing to make waves with his comments on issues including Europe, gay marriage and immigration. An exasperated William Hague told him: "I have my own cricket test now – if you don't want to be part of the team, then get off the field." Margaret died in 2020, having suffered from dementia. Tebbit made his final appearance at Westminster in 2022, aged 90.

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