Why gonorrhoea is becoming 'untreatable'
Infections hit record high as experts warn about rise in antibiotic-resistant cases

Health experts are warning that a new "super gonorrhoea" could prove impossible to treat after the number of cases of the sexually transmitted infection hit a record high.
Data from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) showed there were 85,223 cases diagnosed in England in 2023 – the highest number since records began in 1918 and a 7.5% increase on the previous year.
However, a new study by the agency found that more people are being infected with a strain that is proving resistant to conventional treatments and warned that gonorrhoea could become untreatable.
The Week
Escape your echo chamber. Get the facts behind the news, plus analysis from multiple perspectives.

Sign up for The Week's Free Newsletters
From our morning news briefing to a weekly Good News Newsletter, get the best of The Week delivered directly to your inbox.
From our morning news briefing to a weekly Good News Newsletter, get the best of The Week delivered directly to your inbox.
Not responding to treatment
Usually gonorrhoea is easily cured with an antibiotic called ceftriaxone. Over the last few years, however, experts have noticed a rise in the number of cases proving resistant to it.
As ceftriaxone is the first-line antibiotic used to treat gonorrhoea in England, resistance can make treatment difficult, said the Daily Mail, "especially for gonorrhoea infections in the throat".
There were nine cases of ceftriaxone-resistant gonorrhoea infections reported between 2015 and 2022, but that rose to 15 for the period June 2022 to May 2024, said the UKHSA.
In addition, one-third of the cases were "extensively drug-resistant", meaning they also did not respond to the second line of treatment.
A free daily email with the biggest news stories of the day – and the best features from TheWeek.com
Fears for the future
The increasing number of cases was "concerning", said the study's authors, as it raised the chance of "wider spread and treatment challenges".
"Gonorrhoea is becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics, risking the possibility of it becoming untreatable in the future," Dr Helen Fifer, one of the authors, said. "Condoms are the best defence, but if you didn't use one with a recent new or casual partner, get tested to detect the infection and prevent onwards transmission."
Professor Matt Phillips, president of the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV, said: "The rise of antibiotic-resistant gonorrhoea infections in England is a worrying trend that must be addressed with immediate action.
"Antibiotic resistance of STIs poses an increasingly major public health threat, which can create physical and psychological harms and place additional demands on other parts of the NHS."
A global worry
Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that, if untreated, can lead to infertility, said Sky News.
It is caused by bacteria called Neisseria gonorrhoeae or gonococcus, which is found in the semen or vaginal fluid of infected people. It can also be passed from mother to baby during birth, but can be treated during pregnancy with antibiotics.
Symptoms can include a thick green or yellow discharge from the vagina or penis, pain when urinating or tenderness in the lower abdomen. However, some people do not experience any symptoms at all.
It is not only the UK that is experiencing a rise in super gonorrhoea. Most of the 15 cases reported in England – all in heterosexual patients, mainly in their 20s – had been acquired abroad. Nearly all the cases had an epidemiological link to the Asia-Pacific region, said the study's authors, and countries including China, Cambodia and Vietnam were reporting “worryingly high levels of ceftriaxone resistance”, said The Telegraph.
Last year, the US also reached a "grim landmark", said Ars Technica, when two unrelated patients in Massachusetts were found to have gonorrhoea infections with "complete or reduced susceptibility to every drug in our arsenal". "Little now stands between us and untreatable gonorrhoea,” the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention "bluntly notes".
Elizabeth Carr-Ellis is a freelance journalist and was previously the UK website's Production Editor. She has also held senior roles at The Scotsman, Sunday Herald and Hello!. As well as her writing, she is the creator and co-founder of the Pausitivity #KnowYourMenopause campaign and has appeared on national and international media discussing women's healthcare.
-
Jaguar Land Rover’s cyber bailout
Talking Point Should the government do more to protect business from the ‘cyber shockwave’?
-
Russia: already at war with Europe?
Talking Point As Kremlin begins ‘cranking up attacks’ on Ukraine’s European allies, questions about future action remain unanswered
-
Crossword: October 5, 2025
The Week's daily crossword puzzle
-
The new Stratus Covid strain – and why it’s on the rise
The Explainer ‘No evidence’ new variant is more dangerous or that vaccines won’t work against it, say UK health experts
-
‘Nightmare bacteria’ are rapidly spreading
Under the radar The infections are largely resistant to antibiotics
-
Kissing bug disease has a growing presence in the US
The explainer The disease has yielded a steady stream of cases in the last 10 years
-
Climate change is making us eat more sugar
Under the radar Sweets make the heat feel more manageable
-
Trump makes unmoored claims on Tylenol and autism
Speed Read No causal relationship has been established between autism and acetaminophen use during pregnancy
-
RFK Jr. vaccine panel advises restricting MMRV shot
Speed Read The committee voted to restrict access to a childhood vaccine against chickenpox
-
Quit-smoking ads are being put out
Under the radar The dissolution of a government-funded campaign could lead to more smokers in the future
-
Sloth fever shows no signs of slowing down
The explainer The vector-borne illness is expanding its range