People dealing with record summer heat waves across the U.S. and Europe aren’t getting much of a respite when the sun goes down. Climate change is causing temperatures to stay high at night, and scientists and health experts say hotter evenings may lead to social and medical consequences.
Why are hotter nights a problem? Intense heat at night is “raising the risk of heat exhaustion and heat stroke even higher, especially for people without access to air conditioning,” said NPR. In cases where the temperature after sundown doesn’t drop below 75 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit, people are “not getting the opportunity for recovery overnight, as we have historically seen,” Ashley Ward, the director of the Heat Policy Innovation Hub at Duke University’s Nicholas Institute, said to NPR.
It’s largely the fault of climate change that no nighttime recovery is occurring, as “each summer we are seeing more heat waves” and “more hot nights,” said NPR. The number of nights when the temperature “never falls below 70 degrees Fahrenheit is increasing everywhere in the U.S. except the Northern Great Plains,” said the 2023 Fifth National Climate Assessment.
Many people find sleeping in hot weather difficult, which could contribute to negative health effects. A heat wave in the U.K. last month resulted in nearly 65% of people saying they struggled to sleep, according to a YouGov survey, while about half said they lost at least three hours of sleep per night. When this happens, the “implications are significant: a drop in work performance, an increase in accidents, lower school test scores,” and a “decline in mental health,” said Dr. Laurence Wainwright, of the U.K.’s University of Oxford, to The Guardian.
What’s the projected outcome? With the continually changing climate, nights will likely remain hot, especially during summer. “Heat-related deaths could rise sixfold by the end of the century, largely because of warmer nights, unless planet-warming pollution is significantly curbed,” according to a 2022 Lancet Planetary Health study, per The Sacramento Bee. Heat currently “kills more Americans in an average year than any other weather hazard.”
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