Chaos reigns in Zimbabwe.
Last week, the military announced that it was taking over the country, and that it would seek to oust Robert Mugabe, the aging strongman who has wrecked one of Africa's most beautiful countries through tyranny and insane economic mismanagement, and return it to constitutional government.
But today, Mugabe is still president, at least in name. The 93-year-old strongman gave a speech on Sunday in which he was widely expected to announce his resignation; he did no such thing. We are also told that impeachment proceedings are underway, and that Mugabe has been removed from his leadership of Zanu-PF, the ruling party. But he still insists he will see the party through its next Congress. (In Zimbabwe, an essentially Maoist regime, the head of the party is the true head of state, and the position matters more than president.)
It all seems so confusing. And yet, what is happening is actually quite clear.
There has long been a power struggle between Mugabe and his wife, Grace, who is more than 30 years his junior and a power-broker in her own right, and an erstwhile ally, Emmerson Mnangagwa, over which of them will succeed Mugabe. Earlier this month, Mugabe fired Mnangagwa from his job as vice president — by all accounts on Grace's say-so, and paving the way for her to succeed her husband. Mnangagwa fled to South Africa, and appears to have orchestrated the coup d'état, led by his close ally, Constantino Chiwenga, the head of the military.
Now Mnangagwa has returned, and is calling for Mugabe to "accept the will of the people" by stepping down. Clearly, he calls the shots.
He may be interested in maintaining the appearance of a graceful transition, but unless something dramatic happens, the coup is effectively over, and Mnangagwa will be the new dictator of Zimbabwe. Grace Mugabe and her close allies have been fired from Zanu-PF, and she is reported to be in exile in Namibia.
The Mugabes have lost. Mnangagwa has won.
So who is Mnangagwa?
He was involved in Mugabe's Zimbabwe rebellion from the time he was a teenager. He rose through the rebellion as Mugabe's bodyguard and then through the Zimbabwe regime as his intelligence chief and enforcer. He received his training in the dark arts of political repression in China in the era of Mao. His nickname is "the Crocodile."
Once Mugabe took over Zimbabwe, Mnangagwa orchestrated a campaign known as Gukurahundi, which involved the massacre of tens of thousands of members of the Ndebele ethnic group, in order to destroy the power base of Mugabe's main rival, Joshua Nkomo, a Ndebele (Mugabe and Mnangagwa are Shona). The massacres, which lasted for several years, were carried out by Zimbabwe's North Korea-trained Fifth Brigade, notorious for its brutality, and overseen by Mnangagwa as head of the country's spy and domestic enforcement apparatus. (Mnangagwa denies this, something absolutely nobody believes.) During Gukurahundi, victims were reportedly made to dance over the corpses of their loved ones while singing songs of praise to the government.
Not to put too fine a point on it, but Mnangagwa is a monster.
While Mugabe is flamboyant, Mnangagwa earned his nickname by being cold and ruthless. He has loudly supported Mugabe's agricultural "reforms" that plunged Zimbabwe into chaos and economic devastation. In anticipation of succeeding Mugabe, he has tried to sound more like a constitutionalist, and has made noises about implementing sound economic reforms.
I don't believe any of it. Predictions are hard, especially about the future. But my money is that things are about to get much worse, not better, for Zimbabwe.
