Barrel bombs: why are they taking such a toll on Syria?
Syria's biggest city is under constant attack from barrel bombs dropped by government helicopters

CIVILIANS in the besieged Syrian town of Aleppo are living in constant fear of 'barrel bombs', explosives dropped from helicopters by government forces, the BBC says. The low-intensity bombardment is constant, has killed many, and led thousands to flee the city.
But what is a 'barrel bomb' - and what effect does it have?
What is a barrel bomb?It's the name given to an improvised device - an oil drum, or large empty gas cylinder, packed with explosives and shards of metal to act as shrapnel, dropped from a helicopter. They are "indiscriminate and devastating" says BBC reporter Ian Pannell, the first Western journalist to visit the rebel-held part of Aleppo, Syria's biggest city, this year. While most are 'only' explosive, opposition activists published a video earlier this month alleging barrel bombs had been used to drop chlorine gas near Damascus, The Guardian reports.
Subscribe to The Week
Escape your echo chamber. Get the facts behind the news, plus analysis from multiple perspectives.

Sign up for The Week's Free Newsletters
From our morning news briefing to a weekly Good News Newsletter, get the best of The Week delivered directly to your inbox.
From our morning news briefing to a weekly Good News Newsletter, get the best of The Week delivered directly to your inbox.
How accurate are they?Not very. Originally, the pilots would stay lower to drop the bombs, which allowed them to be a little more precise. But since the rebels acquired portable surface-to-air missiles, the helicopters have flown higher, and the accuracy has decreased. Pannell says the bombs "tumble to the ground - and there's no way of guaranteeing where they land".
How does the Syrian government justify the bombing?The Syrian regime says it is targeting rebel positions, manned by people it dubs "terrorists" - but Pannell witnessed the recent aftermath of a bombing on civilians in a residential area, and videos shot by activist groups appear to show other such incidents. The bombs are believed to have killed hundreds in Aleppo this year and to have maimed many more.
What do human rights organisations say?Even if the Syrian government was sincerely attempting to target only combatants, throwing a barrel bomb out of a helicopter hundreds of metres above the city is not a sufficiently precise way to do so. Human Rights Watch (HRW) has condemned the campaign as "an indiscriminate and unlawful air war against civilians". Spokesperson Sarah Leah Whitson says: "If these indiscriminate, dumb weapons managed to hit a military target, it would be sheer luck." Their use "could well constitute a war crime" according to BBC diplomatic correspondent Jonathan Marcus.
What effect is the bombing campaign having?Last week, CNN reported news from Syrian opposition activists who claimed credibly that an army helicopter had killed 24 people by dropping barrel bombs on a vegetable market. The BBC's Pannell says the bombing doesn't stop "day or night" and adds there is "almost nowhere in Aleppo that could be described as safe". Tens of thousands have fled Aleppo because of the bombs this year, says the BBC. The civil war in Syria has displaced 40 per cent of Aleppo's population - and killed more than 150,000.
Sign up for Today's Best Articles in your inbox
A free daily email with the biggest news stories of the day – and the best features from TheWeek.com
-
Hegseth reportedly shared war plans in 2nd group text
Speed Read The defense secretary sent information about an attack in Yemen to a Signal group chat that included his wife and brother
By Peter Weber, The Week US
-
Today's political cartoons - April 21, 2025
Cartoons Monday's cartoons - Ice, egg prices, and more
By The Week US
-
Pope Francis dies at 88
Speed Read 'How much contempt is stirred up at times toward the vulnerable, the marginalized and migrants,' Pope Francis wrote in his final living message
By Peter Weber, The Week US
-
Russia removes the Taliban's terrorist designation as their connections grow
The Explainer Russia had designated the Taliban as a terrorist group over 20 years ago
By Justin Klawans, The Week US
-
Inside the Israel-Turkey geopolitical dance across Syria
THE EXPLAINER As Syria struggles in the wake of the Assad regime's collapse, its neighbors are carefully coordinating to avoid potential military confrontations
By Rafi Schwartz, The Week US
-
'Like a sound from hell': Serbia and sonic weapons
The Explainer Half a million people sign petition alleging Serbian police used an illegal 'sound cannon' to disrupt anti-government protests
By Abby Wilson
-
The arrest of the Philippines' former president leaves the country's drug war in disarray
In the Spotlight Rodrigo Duterte was arrested by the ICC earlier this month
By Justin Klawans, The Week US
-
Is the pro-Assad insurgency a threat to the new Syria?
Today's Big Question Interim leader accuses regime loyalists and 'foreign backers' of trying to 'divide and destroy' the country
By The Week UK
-
Ukrainian election: who could replace Zelenskyy?
The Explainer Donald Trump's 'dictator' jibe raises pressure on Ukraine to the polls while the country is under martial law
By Sorcha Bradley, The Week UK
-
Why Serbian protesters set off smoke bombs in parliament
THE EXPLAINER Ongoing anti-corruption protests erupted into full view this week as Serbian protesters threw the country's legislature into chaos
By Rafi Schwartz, The Week US
-
Who is the Hat Man? 'Shadow people' and sleep paralysis
In Depth 'Sleep demons' have plagued our dreams throughout the centuries, but the explanation could be medical
By The Week Staff